Sentence examples for surface which contributes from inspiring English sources

Transmission electron microscopy showed that there was a TETA thin layer on the MWCNT surface, which contributes to the homogenous dispersion of MWCNTs in epoxy matrix and the improvement of the MWCNT epoxy interfacial interaction.

In addition, the titanium oxide is present on the worn surface, which contributes to improve the hardness of the cutting zone, reduce the friction coefficient and play a role in insulation.

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) characterizations show that the substrate material-dependent wettability is attributed to thermal-induced nanostructures on the copper surface, which contributes to the hierarchical micro-/nano- topography.

This indicates that TOA and TOPO also reduce the concentration of positively charge species on the surface which contributes to band bending.

On the contrary, it has also been suggested that receptor endocytosis promotes rapid resensitization by recycling the receptor back to the cell surface, which contributes to the maintenance of a large population of active receptors at the plasma membrane [4].

The evolution of tropical soils very often leads to the formation of a hard thin layer near the surface, which contributes to the stability of the soil.

XPS revealed that the OPM and NAM could increase the oxygen functional groups on the VACF surface which contributed to a higher vanadium loading and dispersion.

An interpenetrating anchorage effect was formed between the Ni P coating and the PEEK/MWCNT composite surface, which contributed to a good adhesion (the highest 5 B scale according to ASTM D3359 and 5.7 MPa by pull off test).

The oligomers formed may be attributed to the formation of carbonaceous species on the catalyst surface, which contribute to the poisoning and/or blocking of the active centres.

Prior to the hcp alignment of the PS microspheres, the target substrates were firstly immersed in piranha solution (98 % H2SO4 37 % H2O2 = 7 3) for 3 h to achieve a completely hydrophilic surface, which contributed to the adhesion of PS microspheres to the substrates surface.

It enhances biodiversity and natural biological processes above and below the ground surface, which contribute to increased water and nutrient use efficiency and to improved and sustained crop production.