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Chemical changes on the sample surface were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy (Senterra, Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany).
The air gap size and distribution over the body surface were analyzed.
The chemical composition and chemical state of the surface were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Different forces in interface of gas liquid in the process of turbulent air flow sweeping liquid surface were analyzed.
In this study, 35 retrieved ceramics femoral heads with evidence of metallic dark lines on the surface were analyzed.
The atomic distributions of the alloying elements at various depths below the surface were analyzed inside and outside the WEL.
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The spatial variability of the electronic behavior across the surface was analyzed using PCA [35-37,39,57].
The static stability of the liquid-free surface is analyzed by means of the Jacobi equation.
The morphology of the worn surface was analyzed with SEM to determine the erosion mechanisms.
Each surface was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and dynamic force microscopy (DFM).
Between some of the pulses the eroded surface was analyzed with profilometric measurements and electron microscopy.
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