Landfill leachate, surface water, groundwater and soil profile samples were collected from a MSW landfill area in Wuhan, China.
In field experiments, soil moisture sensors installed at depths of 10, 30, and 50 cm responded well to rainfall, showing that artificial macropores were able to successfully introduce surface water into the soil profile.
As expected, the capillary force caused by the fibers drew surface water deeper into the soil profile before saturation.
Accordingly, we concluded that our artificial macropore with fibrous material successfully induced the transport of surface water deeper into the soil profile.
When soil was saturated, such as after a heavy rainfall event that left water on the surface, capillary force exerted by the glass fiber would draw the surface water deeper into the soil profile.
Flow profiles of surface water passing over a vegetation-free area under a uniform rainfall are investigated by a semi-analytical approach.
In fact, water fluxes are driven by meteorological conditions, soil hydrodynamics and initial soil water profile, and soil surface characteristics.
The proposed methodology developed herein uses HEC-RAS, a one-dimensional (1D) computer code for open surface water calculations, to iteratively estimate hydraulic profiles along drain channels in order to improve the aquifer/drain interaction process.
At local scale, within sites, the model fitted also indicates that the probability of survival is related to the periodic presence of surface water, on a gradient across the wadi-profile.
Contrasting with other seas, the Red Sea exhibits an antagonistic salinity-temperature profile: moving from south to north, surface water temperature decreases from 33.8 °C down to 21 °C; and, salinity increases from 37 to 41 Practical Salinity Unit (PSU) [22].
