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The metal with a low yield strength is easy to obtain a thicker hardened layer and a better surface strengthening effect, i.e., higher surface strengthening energy and lower surface strengthening exponent.
Furthermore, an exponential-type microhardness model for the hardened layer was proposed to characterize the surface strengthening behaviors of the four structural steels with different yield strength.
Then, the carboxyl group in adsorbed C17H33COO− anion may promote oxidation of Fe atoms on the surface, strengthening passivation.
Superior cavitation erosion-corrosion resistance of processed samples was attributed to surface strengthening, higher strain-hardening ability and quick passivation kinetics.
Comparing with the surface severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes, the explosion impact has a stronger ability for hardening the entire plate depth and a little weaker surface strengthening effect.
Affecting generalities of UDD (ultra dispersive diamond), NbC, WC, W, WC Co, ZrO2, Al2O3, Si3N4, Fe, Fe Co, Co, W nanosized powders additives on the structure and properties of the coatings deposited by electrospark alloying (ESA), thermoreactive electrospark surface strengthening (TRESS) are considered.
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The ion-exchange surface strengthened glass can further endure >45% more pump power.
For the well surface strengthened specimens suffered high laser shock intensities, the crack initially grows along one or more of the {111} planes and falls on the edge of the cylindrical specimen.
Compared with the original ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP), the introduction of electropulsing can facilitate the surface cracks healing, and alter the cross-sectional micro-hardness gradient distribution within the surface strengthened layer, i.e. significantly gaining higher surface hardness or greater impact depth under the different experimental parameters.
With the aim of evaluating the bond behaviour between glulam and carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminates strips, an experimental program using pull-out tests was carried, when the near-surface strengthening technique is applied.
Guo, G. & Zhou, H. Nano-layered magnesium fluoride reservoirs on biomaterial surfaces strengthen polymorphonuclear leukocyte resistance to bacterial pathogens.
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