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Furthermore, cytochrome c may play a role in regulating H+ transfer on the outer surface of the membrane via a surface protein function, sensing of Δ ψ and H+ attraction by retaining electrons in H+ and as an electron condenser constructed on the membrane.
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The three functional categories that included the largest fraction of cell surface proteins in hES and hSperm were both 'transmembrane transporter activity'signalnal transduction activity' and 'ion binding', and the general distribution of cell surface protein functions was similar.
It has been suggested that these cell surface proteins function as stress sensors to activate Rom2 in response to stresses that alter cell wall integrity [13] [15].
Fodrin is important for maintaining the normal membrane structure and supporting cell-surface protein functions.
Antibodies against Thy1, an abundant neuronal surface protein whose function is unclear, induced CNTF in neuron-astrocyte co-cultures indicating that it is a neuroglial CNTF repressor.
Finally, while evolution of transmembrane helix-helix interactions most likely was a compromise between formation of thermodynamically stable contact surfaces and protein function, our results suggest that "stability" was a major driving force during the evolution of α-helical transmembrane proteins.
According to the characters above, various cell surface proteins can function as cell markers.
Surface proteins mostly function as adhesins, which may also contribute to immune evasion.
Despite many studies focused on surface proteins, the function of the numerous LPXTG proteins of the genus Listeria remains in most cases unknown.
C. albicans adherence to host tissue is controlled by the ALS (agglutinin-like sequence) gene family which encodes a group of glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI -linked cell surface proteins that function as adhesins that bind to the cell surface [ 28].
To investigate this hypothesis, N-glycosylation sites were engineered at different positions on the extracellular linkers of Kv1.2 to determine the effects of N-glycans on channel surface protein expression and function.
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