Sentence examples for surface potential barrier from inspiring English sources

Electrons are emitted by electron tunneling through the surface potential barrier in the presence of a strong surface electric field at the solid-vacuum interface.

At relative higher oxygen partial pressures, a surface potential barrier for nitrogen implantation is created by the oxygen absorption.

The effect of the carbon oxygen bonds on the surface potential barrier of the reduced GO edges is proposed in detail for interpreting the experimental observations.

The enhancement in electrical characteristics are also discussed taking into account the absorption spectra, structural analysis, surface morphology, topography, surface potential, barrier height, and the energy band diagram of SAM's modified and unmodified diodes.

Surface potential barrier in semiconductors is formed due to charges trapped in surface states.

This will make the surface potential barrier height of the emitter to be reduced.

The signal of SPV is due to the difference of surface potential barriers before and after light illumination [15].

where {varphi}_0equiv varphi (0)=frac{sigma }{2{varepsilon}_0} (6). is the height (depth) of the near-surface potential barrier (well) for positively (negatively) charged species.

A low level of CAR on the cell surface is a potential barrier to efficient gene transfer [ 11– 15].

The low level of CAR on the cell surface is a potential barrier to efficient gene transfer.

This result indicated that Li-ion on the PBA surface diffuses with higher potential barrier than Na-ion.