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However, a configuration that initially involves heating of the outer surface of the wellbore and later continuous injection of warm water at low rates (Case C) appears to deliver optimum performance over the period it takes for the exhaustion of the hydrate deposit.
In addition, the tubular string is always pushed on the inner surface of the wellbore whether in the sinusoidal or helical buckling stage.
Helical buckling means that the down-hole tubular string becomes a helix which spirals around the inner surface of the wellbore.
No contact means that the tubular string suspends between connectors and does not touch the inner surface of the wellbore, point contact means that the tubular string touches the wellbore at a single point, and wrap contact means that a segment of the tubular string is in continuous contact with the wellbore.
When the axial force increases further and exceeds the second critical value, the tubular string deflection curve is seen as a second order vibration function and the tubular string tends to touch the inner surface of the wellbore on both sides of the wellbore axis.
The stress redistribution as a function of borehole azimuth at the free surface of the wellbore requires assumptions or measurements of overburden stress (S v), annular pressure (APRS), maximum horizontal stress (S Hmax), minimum horizontal stress (S hmin), formation pore pressure (P p), and Poisson's ratio (Table 1).
Similar(54)
Mudcake thickness affects wellbore stress and consequently FIP through two mechanisms: (1) it influences the near-wellbore pore pressure distribution and thus the stress induced by varying pore pressure (Eqs. 15 and 16), and (2) it affects the magnitude of the radial stress transmitted from the inner mudcake surface to the wellbore wall (Eq. 27).
The result indicates that the normal stress and shear stress on the fracture surface near the wellbore are of central symmetry.
Here we present exact pressure transient solutions obtained under assumption that the pressure on the open surface is uniform but a priori unknown and the rest of the wellbore surface is non-permeable (no-flow condition).
A thin layer of mudcake is assumed on the inner surface of a wellbore subjected to non-uniform far-field stresses and pore pressure, as schematically depicted in Fig. 1.
A decline in injectivity as a result of precipitation in the formation and clogging of the wellbore and surface facilities is considered a key technical and economic issue.
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