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Exact(15)
In Figure 17C, the obstacle is equipped with an internal device a pump of some sort which prevents the accumulation of boundary-layer fluid that would otherwise lead to separation by sucking it in through small holes in the surface of the obstacle, near Q; the fluid may be ejected again through holes near P′, where it will do no harm.
Thus, we cannot discuss the electric potential on the dayside surface of the obstacle.
On the nightside surface of the obstacle, the largest potential drop is found in the negative-y sector at which the solar wind magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the obstacle.
Time-to-contact estimation is independent of velocity of the robot and distance to the surface of the obstacle [29].
The negative potential on the downstream side surface of the obstacle is asymmetric with respect to the x axis.
The electrons, whose thermal speed is much higher than the solar wind bulk speed, can reach the downstream-side surface of the obstacle.
Similar(45)
Then, using the linear superposition principle, the original problem is reduced to one which involves only the scattered wave (which is driven by the values of the impinging field at the surface of the obstacles).
Furthermore, we study the dynamics of shadow boundaries on the surfaces of the obstacles when the vantage point moves along a given trajectory.
Two obstacles were used, a full obstacle (entire surface of obstacle was visible) and a perimeter obstacle (only top and side edges were visible).
In this latest edition, NFPA 68 (2013), the vent area correlation accounts for varying degrees of congestion if the ratio of the obstacle surface area (Aobs) to that of the enclosure internal surface area (As) is greater than 0.4 (i.e., Ar = Aobs/As > 0.4).
Our results demonstrate that the attractive image forces between the dislocation and free surface significantly reduce the obstacle strength of voids.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com