Sentence examples for surface of a substrate from inspiring English sources

Both adsorption steps can be repeated cyclically to form multilayer structures on the surface of a substrate.

These techniques above have partially the same process: they can transfer patterns onto the surface of a substrate.

A conventional diamond dresser (CDD) is made by attaching discrete diamond grits to the flat surface of a substrate.

The dendritic structure with tips in about 3 nm grows radially at convex surface of a substrate.

Figure 1 shows the typical topography of an Ag NP embedded in aluminum oxide on the surface of a substrate (black solid line and left-hand inset).

Therefore, the thin horizontal line (slightly above the bottom) appears; it marks the pedestal formed by the gold film remaining in contact on a surface of a substrate.

In particular, during the hydrogenation and subsequent etching of both the carbon cap and the tube, they sequentially transform to different carbon nanostructures, including carbon nanosheet, nanowall, and polyyne chains, before they are completely removed from the surface of a substrate-bound Ni-nanocluster.

Application of surface coatings and the modification of the surface chemistry of substrata are generally considered to be a chemical approach to surface modification (as are surface polymerisation, functionalisation, and derivatisation), whereas, modification of the surface architecture of a substrate can be considered a physical approach.

The simulated temperature gradients on the surface of the substrates are shown in Figure 2A and the inset shows a surface plot of a substrate at the Ga-deoxidization temperature.

Wenzel in 1936 and Cassie and Baxter in 1944 proposed that by microscopically increasing the surface roughness of a substrate, it is possible to increase its hydrophobicity.

Therefore, the value obtained from nitrogen isotherms surely overestimates the surface area of a substrate accessible to enzymes [ 2].