Sentence examples for surface monuments from inspiring English sources

The cameras are equipped with different focal lens objectives, allowing the system to acquire both geometric and colorimetric information of an architectural surface (monuments, frescoes…) at different scales over areas of tens of square meters.

The geophysical work transformed the traditional view of Stanton Drew as being a surface monument and the Great Circle is now seen as being one of the largest and most impressive Neolithic monuments to have been built.

The colonization of microbial communities on the bare surface of monuments and artworks is mainly determined by the nature and properties of stone surface (surface texture, mineral composition, percentage of different minerals, pH, moisture content and salinity etc).

The release of highly corrosive inorganic acids, organic acids and chelating agents by fungi and lichens on stone surface of monuments are among those methods which are inadvertently involved in the promotion of bioweathering process[23].

Their presence is most evident with algae in tropical environment and damp surfaces of monuments.

These oxides may be oxidized into their corresponding acids by the humid air or moisture present on the damp stone surfaces of monuments further worsening their physical strength and durability.

These micro-organisms through different known mechanisms of deterioration cause harm to the stone surfaces of monuments and artworks resulting in an irreversible and irreparable loss of their physical strength, aesthetic appearance, value and information[1, 6, 10 16] (Table2).

Environmental conditions like relative humidity, temperature, wind, light and rainfall plays a crucial role in colonization and establishment of microbial communities on the stone surfaces of monuments and artworks[1, 4, 5].

At both Pasargadae and Persepolis, designated UNESCO World Heritage sites since 1979 and 2004 respectively, stone reliefs, excavated fragments, and paper pulp squeezes of inscriptions taken by archaeologists in the early 20th century bear visible paint remnants, evidence of a vibrant palette used to finish the surfaces of the monuments.

Outdoor bronzes are subjected to continual corrosion and dissolution processes, as well reported in literature [1 3]: associated with these processes are the coloured stains often observed on stone surfaces of outdoor monuments as the results of leaching from the attached bronze artefacts exposed to rainfall.

Fungi, bacteria and lichens are also found on mural paintings in churches, caves and catacombs, and even as biodeteriogens of architectural surfaces and stone monuments in outdoor environments (Ettenauer et al. 2010; Piñar and Sterflinger 2009; Saarela et al. 2004; Steiger et al. 2011; Sterflinger 2000; Urzì 2004).