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In Case 1, the surface load was applied 10 years after tunnel construction.
Both surface load and self-weight load are taken into account.
Because of aging, the amount of the inner load decreased while the surface load simultaneously increased.
It is assumed that the medium is subjected to a harmonic surface load of given frequency.
Experimental results showed that a high surface load of 8 kg/m2 resulted in lower drying rate (DR), and surface load of 6 kg/m2 was preferred by considering specific moisture evaporation rate (SMER) and total colour difference (ΔE).
The larger surface load did not prevent soil liquefaction, but it produced significantly less displacements and virtually no permanent deformation.
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The newly revealed functional bi-layer coating architecture can potentially be adapted, using synthetic materials, to considerably enhance the surface load-bearing capabilities of various engineering configurations.
Human-made structures also cause surface loading, consolidation, and settlement.
Santamaría-Gómez, A. & Mémin, A. Geodetic secular velocity errors due to interannual surface loading deformation.
Two men were working at Level 40, twenty-four hundred and ninety vertical feet below the surface, loading freshly blasted ore into a dump truck.
Slope reinforcement using anchor cables is modeled by surface loading, i.e. different distributions of surface loading represent various reinforcement schemes.
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