A comparison of sea-surface temperatures in the Western Pacific with paleoclimate data from microscopic sea-surface animals suggested that this ocean region was approximately as warm as it had been at any time in the past 12,000 years and within about 1 °C of the maximum temperature of the past million years.
The leading sources of nonfatal injuries are structures and surfaces, animals (primarily horses), and vehicles (primarily all-terrain vehicles [ATVs]).
To get rid of nonspecific fungal propagules from seawater column on sponge and jellyfish surfaces, animal tissues were rinsed three times with sterile seawater.
Accordingly, osteoid-covered surface in animals receiving 1,25(OH)2D3 was significantly higher in comparison to healthy animals (p < 0.05).
Below the soil surface, burrowing animals, such as armadillos and caecilians, are found, as are microorganisms that help decompose and free much of the organic litter accumulated by other plants and animals from all strata.
Biocrusts are well known to be quite sensitive to physical disturbance of the ground surface by animals including humans, cattle, off-road vehicles, and other agents (Belnap and Eldridge 2001).
Indirect mechanical effects were observed e.g. in Drosophila and Daphnia, where an interaction with the outer surface of animals occurred, leading to interference with movement, grooming behavior and food intake.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.07398.001 A layer of epithelial cells covers the body surface of animals.
Fossorial mammals face natural selection pressures that differ from those acting on surface dwelling animals, and these may lead to reduced visual system development.
For quantification of fluorescence intensity, 7 optical stacks were acquired from the ventral surface of animals, collapsed, and values determined using the Automeasure module (Densitometric sum) in AxioVision (Zeiss).
The mouse mutant M100888 was identified during a large-scale screen for dominant abnormal phenotypes of the incisor surface among animals generated from inter-crossing male mice treated with ENU and wild-type (WT) female mice (12).
