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In current work, only the surface acceleration due to transient thermoelastic wave propagation is under investigation.
The maximum ground surface acceleration values obtained from the dynamic analyses were also used for liquefaction potential assessment.
The results of parametric studies revealed that an underground tunnel could have either positive or negative effect on the ground surface acceleration.
Subsequently, verified numerical model was used to perform parametric studies on the effect of an underground box tunnel on the ground surface acceleration.
Various processes such as thermoelastic stresses, surface evaporation, and optical breakdown may be responsible for surface acceleration components and particle removal.
The results show that the removal area by surface wave beyond the laser spot increases with the laser energy and that, the surface acceleration decreases with the increase of the laser spot size.
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For our model density of 2000 kg/m3 and surface accelerations from milli- to micro-G's, we have a ratio of strength to impactor size of 20 → 0.02, and for an impactor or explosive of size 10 cm, the transition strength is 2 → 0.002 Pa.
Thus, only for the largest gravity and weakest cohesive regolith (milli-G gravity with a regolith strength on the order of 1 Pa) would a cratering event be at the transition point, and for most of the strengths and typical surface accelerations, we are clearly within the strength regime for cratering.
At Earth's surface the acceleration of gravity is about 9.8 metres (32 feet) per second per second.
A higher surface gravitational acceleration creates a greater pressure difference between the floor of the crater and the surface surrounding the crater.
In order to investigate physical phenomena in a whole system, an unsteady numerical simulation of initial discharge, generation of plasma, heat transfer to the PTFE, heat conduction inside the PTFE, ablation from the PTFE surface and acceleration of plasma was performed.
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