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Exact(24)
Finally, an expression that approximates the ultimate surcharge load has been devised which is convenient for use by practising engineers.
The ratio between surcharge load (Δσs) to the vacuum pressure (Δσvac) is designated as (LR="Δσs/|Δσvac|).
The results show similar values for the toe loads of Walls 1 and 2 at the end of construction, during surcharge load application, and toe release.
The proposed procedure includes the variability associated with reinforced backfill, retained backfill, foundation soil, horizontal seismic acceleration and surcharge load acting on the wall.
Moreover, the sensitivity of the proposed algorithms to surcharge load, base soil friction angle, and backfill slope are investigated with respect to the geometry and design parameters.
Moreover, at the end of construction and at the beginning of the surcharge load applications, the values of ΣTmax and sum of the connection load, ΣTo, were similar.
Similar(36)
The results of the load test at working stress condition revealed that the GR-SRW's response to the test load was well within the serviceability limits, and that the currently available design guideline tends to over-estimate the surcharge load-induced reinforcement forces.
The influence of surcharge loads in the determination of hopper geometry is investigated.
Design charts are introduced for design of PVDs combined with surcharge loading and vacuum in industry.
Firstly, the radial drainage paths allowed by PVDs accelerate the dissipation of excess pore pressure under the surcharge loading.
It is suggested that the method can be used for design the preloading project with combined vacuum and surcharge loads.
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