Whether labor supply incentives and redistributive effects can be reconciled into a single welfare instrument is still an open issue.
That variable stigma costs have important consequences for labour supply incentives is clear from comparing the responses to the various transfer incomes with the response to other income, Y.
He has recently studied the effect of federal anti-poverty initiatives in the US on the cognitive and behavioral outcomes of children, using data to determine how mothers respond to different labor supply incentives, and the relative importance of two key resources - time and money - in the developmental process.
Figure 10A shows factors that we theorize from our observations to have a direct influence on supply incentives.
Importantly, this DOT effect was independent of medication supply, incentives and enablers, laboratory services, funding, tracing and legal sanctions of defaulters, and program supervision.
Causal loop and cause tree diagrams were used to develop a qualitative explanatory model of provider supply incentives and behaviour related to payment method in context.
The national level key informant interview guide items explored how the G-DRG and itemized fee schedule for medicines payment methods were designed and implemented, and perceptions of service supply incentives and behaviour related to the design and implementation.
To help generate a more holistic theory as to the relationships between provider payment methods, service supply incentives and behaviour, and what mechanisms explain these observed effects, we used causal loop and causes tree diagrams [ 29] – both systems thinking tools.
Pilot projects have applied innovative demand and supply incentives to create a rapid increase in safe deliveries (3-fold increase after 3 months), and increased quality and use of HIV services with positive collateral improvements on non-HIV health services at community clinics.
