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Extrapolation was based on several principles including (a) supplementing evidence for people with a chronic physical illness with that from the general population where this was consistent in both populations, and (b) not extrapolating when evidence for people with chronic physical illness and the general population was contradictory.
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This article is intended to highlight the need to include population-level genetic diversity into toxicological study designs via laboratory-based models with the goal to provide and supplement evidence in assessing the risk posed by chemicals to the human population.
Although inclusion of observational studies can supplement evidence from RCTs, [ 27, 28] no such studies were identified.
One means of supplementing fossil evidence is to utilize archaeological evidence in the form of stone tools.
One potential means of supplementing fossil evidence for dispersal events is to use archaeological evidence in the form of stone artefacts [3], [11].
The shop may or may not include signage that reminds customers of tagging (and other security measures) and/or CCTV systems that can be used in conjunction with tags to increase the perceived risk to shoplifters by supplementing the evidence that goods have been stolen (Beck and Palmer 2010; Capers 2008).
These three HPV types were also commonest among women with cervical abnormalities, supplementing the evidence that HPV52 and 58 are over-represented in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer from Eastern Asia compared to other world regions (Clifford et al, 2003).
For some supplements, evidence of estrogenicity was not clearly defined; however, we considered a supplement as estrogenic if at least one study (in vitro, animal or human) was cited that showed estrogenic properties.
These data supplement evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials by documenting drug use in specific patient populations, concomitant diseases, concurrent pharmacotherapies and are thus highly relevant for daily practice.
Has the evidence of efficacy been supplemented by evidence of effectiveness applicable to the patient population or subgroups considered in the study?
Supplementing existing evidence-based treatments with mindfulness-based interventions has repeatedly been recommended for patients with OCD, for example by Didonna and Fairfax [ 16, 17].
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