Group membership had no significant effect on audiometry performance (details in Supplementary material); however, peripheral hearing performance was included as a covariate in further analyses to account for any confounding effect of this factor.
Structurally, p63+ and CK5+ basal cells mainly resided in the peripheral layer (Supplementary Fig. 2b), consistent with a recent report19.
Conditional deletion of Ddit3 in T cells did not alter the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen or peripheral blood (Supplementary Fig. 8a), indicating no obvious defects in T cell homeostasis.
Among the three families, patients in Family 2 [c.343A>G (p.M115V)] and Family 3 [c.925G>T (p.V309F)] showed clinical or subclinical signs of peripheral neuropathy (Supplementary Table 4).
Dpy19l1 protein also appeared to be localized in the axons of the CNS and peripheral tissues (supplementary material Figs S2, S3, arrows; data not shown).
The fraction of cells with θ<45 was less than 50% in all four areas and they were significantly lower than in the peripheral region (supplementary material Fig. S11C).
As in the spleen, single deficiency for Bim or Bmf reduced B-cell loss, whereas Bim−/− Bmf−/− animals showed no response to BAFF deprivation in vivo, a finding also observed in peripheral blood (Supplementary Table 3).
We confirmed that a fraction of lens epithelial cells with circumferential cell division (|τ′|<40) was around 80% at r = 31 35 µm and more than 60% at r = 36 40 µm, suggesting that circumferential cell division is dominant in the peripheral region (supplementary material Fig. S9B).
No obvious alteration was apparent in the morphology of Golgi tendon organs and Pacinian corpuscles in co-IgNrg1 mutants, nor did we detect changes in myelination of peripheral nerves (Supplementary Figure S5B and C, g-ratios P12: 0.72 ±0.02 and 0.71 ±0.01 in the sciatic nerve of control and co-IgNrg1 mice, respectively).
On the other hand, mRNA expression levels of SCF (KITLG) and the precursor of αMSH, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), did not differ significantly although mRNA levels of their receptors (KIT and MC1R, respectively) in SLs were significantly higher than in peripheral areas (supplementary material Fig. S1C-F).
To characterize the effects of ouabain, the effects of LPS and ouabain on TNF-α-production in human peripheral blood monocytes (Supplementary Fig S6A), THP-1 cells (Supplementary Fig S6B), and type II alveolar epithelial A549 cells (Supplementary Fig S6C) were investigated.
