To control that the synaptic change was not connected to a pre- or post- synaptic correlation, the measurements to test synaptic plasticity were made after stopping the supplementary cell's activity.
Identical results were also observed in Hec-1-A cells (Supplementary Material Supplementary Figure S2A).
AATF induction was attenuated in Perk knockdown cells (Supplementary Figure 2A), but not in ATF6 knockdown cells (Supplementary Figure 2B).
However, in these cells (Supplementary Figure 10A), as well as in the vacuolated cells (Supplementary Figures 10B and C), numerous dark, condensed, degenerated mitochondria, and lysosomes were present.
Tf-TR was also shown to be incorporated into BrdU+ cells (Supplementary Figures S5D S5F), as well as into Sox2+ and Olig2+ cells (Supplementary Figures S5G S5L).
We have confirmed these findings for FOXO3 in DLD1 and DL23 cells (Supplementary Figure S2B), and for FOXO1, FOXO3 and FOXO4 in U2OS cells (Supplementary Figure S2C).
LOX knockdown slowed allograft growth of KPC cells (Supplementary Fig S2G), while LOX overexpression resulted in faster growth of KPflC cells (Supplementary Fig S2H).
The migratory ability of OCUM-12/Hypo cells (Supplementary Movie 1) was greater in comparison to that of OCUM-12 cells (Supplementary Movie 2).
Similar experiments were performed using HEK293 cells (supplementary Figure S4).
These lysosomal effects did not however affect neuronal survival in these cycling cells (Supplementary Figure S1B).
