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Executive function has been conceptualized as a "supervisory attentional system" which plans, prioritizes, allocates attention, and recognizes corrective feedback to guide appropriate decisions (Norman and Shallice 1986).
A supervisory attentional system in the frontal lobes protects the working brain from external and internal distraction through an inhibitory mechanism that suppresses distraction.
The working hypothesis for this study was that these disorders are associated with a cognitive alteration of control processes that manifests as non-routine behavior because of the dysfunction of a general executive component known as the supervisory attentional system (SAS).
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The model, based upon Norman and Shallice's supervisory attention system, incorporates important features of human attentional control: selection of an intended task over a more salient automatic task; priming of future tasks that are anticipated; and appropriate levels of persistence of focus of attention.
But if the supervisory attention system is also impaired, the frontal sources of activity may be altered.
Our ability to focus and sustain attention is a hallmark of a highly functioning attentional system.
A third component of the attentional system, the attentional filter, helps to orient our attention, to tell us what to pay attention to and what we can safely ignore.
This attentional system allows us to perform both highly important as well as mundane tasks.
Essentially, there are two "networks" in the brain's attentional system, task-positive and task-negative.
To investigate whether such effects also extend to the attentional system, we used the "attentional blink" (AB) paradigm.
This function is accomplished by the attentional system.
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