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Moreover in their 2007 study, Rogers and Patterson were testing both animals and vehicles when they showed an accuracy advantage for superordinate over basic levels when subjects had to perform fast responses.
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Climate is a superordinate control over both the resources and conditions for fire [7], because it has a direct, short-term effect on fire weather conditions and an indirect, longer-term effect in determining the distribution and quantity of flammable vegetation to burn.
The first element came from Murphy & Wisniewski [10], who reported that the speed advantage of basic over superordinate levels was reduced -although still present- when objects were presented in full scenes instead of the frequently used isolated objects on a neutral background.
The primacy of the basic level (e.g, dog or chair) over the superordinate (e.g. animal or furniture) and subordinate levels (terrier or rocking chair) was further assessed in object naming and category membership verification experiments [4].
However, these observations concerned only the speed of access to the basic and subordinate levels; very few studies have questioned the prevalence of the basic level over the superordinate level.
A slight advantage is seen for the Dog0%A condition over the superordinate task, but there again the results show that to reach the same d' values when 50% of the stimuli to ignore are non-dog animals, an additional processing time is clearly needed and even increased when this ratio reaches 100%.
After the period of zero-sum competition was over, the boys faced a series of "superordinate" goals that transcended group concerns.
We propose that each fixed RS periodically initiates a QoS estimation over the link between it and its superordinate.
Thus performance for such tasks could just rely on a crude representation of the superordinate categories which can explain why categorization is still possible well over chance at very low contrasts [33] or at very large eccentricities [27].
We conclude with asking whether this reflexivity will lock the clinical gaze into a micro-sociology of error, or whether it will enable this gaze to influence matters superordinate to the specifics of practice and the design of clinical treatments; that is, the over-arching governance and structuring of hospital care.
Indeed, the same advantage for superordinate categories has been found for categorizations of scene contexts -manmade vs. natural- over categorization at the basic level: sea, mountains, indoor, outdoor [40], [41] and contextual categorization might rely on image simple statistics or relatively low resolution sketch [25], [42].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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