Sentence examples for supernumerary elements from inspiring English sources

New data on supernumerary elements of the genome clearly indicate that the role of B chromosomes in evolution and their influence on the host are largely underestimated.

It is interesting that both Capreolus and Mazama genera likely possess identical standard karyotypes (2n = 70 + Bs) and have GC-rich small B chromosomes, which may suggest a common ancestry of supernumerary elements.

Some BAC clones produced signals of varying intensity on different B chromosomes suggesting molecular heterogeneity among supernumerary elements, for example, the BAC clone CH240-444I8 gave more intensive signals on six out of eight B chromosomes in the CPY_d, whereas all four B chromosomes were painted in equal intensity in the CPY_b.

The only derived karyotypic character of the Siberian roe deer is the presence of B chromosomes [ 23], the number of supernumerary elements usually varies both between individuals and between cells within the same individual albeit some individuals may possess a stable number of Bs [ 24].

The significance of the satellite and supernumerary chromosomal elements, and their polymorphic distribution among L. hesperus individuals, is an area for future inquiry.

The origin, evolution and effect on host of B chromosomal genes seem to be similar to autosomal segmental duplications, which reinforces the view that supernumerary chromosomal elements might play an important role in genome evolution.

These vestigial buds usually undergo apoptosis, but if degeneration by apoptosis does not occur a supernumerary tooth or element is formed.

Sex ratios of hymenopteran insects also can be influenced by selfish genetic elements including supernumerary B chromosomes.

Sagittal T1-weighted images (a) and coronal reformats of a 3D SPACE sequence (b) demonstrate old injuries, fusion of cervical vertebrae C4 to C6 (most easily appreciated when counting the posterior elements), and one supernumerary vertebra.

These small elements could be supernumerary chromosomes (e.g., B-chromosomes), which are known from eukaryotes such as grasshoppers, wasps and plants [31].

Dispensable chromosomes, also known as B or supernumerary chromosomes, were enriched for transposable elements in other fungi, including Fusarium oxysporum[ 26] and Nectaria haematococca[ 27].