Subgroup analyses did not, however, show a superiority of mixed exercise versus aerobic exercise nor a superiority of pool-based exercise versus land-based exercise.
These findings accord with the literature showing that traditional exercise leads to reduced fear of falling in some studies with no clear indication of superiority of one exercise modality [ 73].
Benefits of other interventions or the possible superiority of individual exercise, however, mostly remain unclear.
If the 95% confidence intervals lie outside the boundaries of clinical equivalence we will establish clinical superiority of one exercise protocol.
However, clinical studies have often failed to provide sufficient scientific evidence to support the superiority of CKC exercises in terms of functional outcomes, subjective symptoms, and knee stability [ 16, 17].
Nevertheless, only a few randomized controlled trials examined the effects of single exercise interventions early postoperatively [ 30– 32] and to date, no evidence exists on the superiority of a specific exercise intervention [ 7, 8, 12].
Johnson et al. [ 25] did not confirm this superiority of high intensity exercise (65 80% VO2peak; 128 min or 19 km/week) compared with MICE (40 55% VO2peak; 205 min or 19 km/week).
15 Contrary to previous meta-analyses that concluded no clear superiority of one form of exercise over another in improving pain and function, 13 14 18 our study provides new, though tentative, evidence about the most effective exercise interventions for patients with lower limb osteoarthritis.
While exercise and neuromuscular training are theoretically beneficial and common treatment for knee injury, their efficacy in treating knee injury and preventing OA and the superiority of one form of exercise intervention over another are not supported by high quality trials [ 95, 96].
In his study De Vreede demonstrated the superiority of functional-task exercises over the resistance type in terms of the results of the former standing to be preserved for much longer.
