Reporting superfluous cost-effectiveness ratios as ICERs can only confuse decision makers, especially when multiple ICERs are reported for the same strategy and ICERs are reported for inefficient strategies.
Nevertheless, the inappropriate use of both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic procedures is widespread all over the world, leading to patients being unnecessarily exposed to potentially harmful procedures and risks, and to superfluous health costs [ 1- 12].
In seaweed flies, high population densities together with an even sex ratio and intense precopulatory female-male battles, suggests that female flies take the costs of superfluous matings instead of increased costs of prolonged battles [48].
The latter presents a major challenge and effort, yet it should, e.g., applied to a country like Germany, demand in total a lot of superfluous work and costs, and will thus permit much more targeted and efficient solutions.
This may be due to (i) male lacking the capacity to differentiate between males and females, and/or (ii) the evolution of sexual mimicry in females, avoiding the costs of superfluous copulations.
Instead we propose that these high levels are examples of convenience polyandry: females accept high numbers of matings if costs of refusing males are higher than costs of accepting superfluous matings.
The reverse scenario creates superfluous inventories and elevated holding cost.
One possibility is that maintaining a superfluous heat tolerance have a cost, which explains a backward selection.
In addition, BreastMark can act as a powerful reductionist approach to these more complex gene signatures, eliminating superfluous genes, potentially reducing the cost and complexity of these multi-index assays.
Conversely, although critical levels would be reached even less frequently if centromeres contained a steady state of, for example 300 CENP-A nucleosomes, this degree of accuracy may be superfluous and not outweigh the cost of maintaining a large centromere size.
What you must avoid at all costs is any superfluous linking words (such as 'and') between the two parts of the double clue.
