In this paper we define the term "north pole" as the direction of the convection electric field perpendicular to the solar wind flow and the plane containing the IMF often in the +z direction in Mars-Sun coordinates.
His Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire et au progrès de l'astronomie (1738; "Memoirs Recounting the History and Progress of Astronomy") gave the first method for determining the heliocentric (Sun-centred) coordinates of sunspots.
Proxy-SU (black) and proxy-ACE (red) for the three components of the magnetic field (in Sun-state coordinates).
A more detailed example of a representative depression in counts recorded by SLED in Channel 4 of Te-1 (0.6–3.2 MeV) on 13 March , 1989(00 00 08 00 UT) during a circular planetary orbit is displayed in Fig. 2 (represented in Mars-Sun Orbit/MSO coordinates: +x sunward direction, +z to the north ecliptic pole, +y completes the right-handed system).
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6831/11/33/prepub We thank Jay Tiesman, Kenton Juhlin, Jun Xu, Bruce Tepper and Tao He for their review and helpful criticism of the manuscript, Lily Sun for coordinating clinical study, Deborah Hutchins for technical writing and formatting and Xinping Cui for advice on statistical analysis.
This model is fitted in Earth-centred Earth-fixed and sun-synchronous coordinate systems with time dependence given by cubic B-splines with knots every hour, produced from observatory data.
Spinning Sun sensor Inertia coordinates.
The angle of WPT-S-U1 from the spacecraft X-axis is + 133.5° in the Spinning Satellite Geometry Axis coordinate and + 21.9° in the Spinning Sun sensor Inertia (SSI) coordinate.
The tracking process is steady and accurate because of the predictability of sun traces based on the coordinate calculation algorithm and the acuteness of the photodiode matrix.
Back at DC headquarters, an overworked staff doesn't have time to examine, let alone digest, lengthy and even not-so-lengthy missives from abroad, as their working day is consumed by answering phone calls from everyone under the sun, reacting to emails, and coordinating activities within a confused bureaucracy (they also have to each lunch; classified materials are not allowed in the cafeteria).
The galactic cosmic ray (GCR) solar diurnal anisotropy (SDA) may be represented by a vector (A; Ar, Aφ, Aθ) in a spherical polar coordinate system centered on the sun.
