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Defocus parameters were estimated from aligned sums of frames using CTFFIND4 (Rohou and Grigorieff, 2015).
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Such methods perform a rigid frame-by-frame (FBF) image registration of PET time frames to a common reference image, which is usually a PET image derived from a single frame, a weighted sum of frames or an associated magnetic resonance (MR) image for the subject.
In the following we call this measurement sum of frames (SOF) method.
For those 75 studies where the method was either given or could be inferred, stimulus durations were calculated by the sum of frames (SOF) method.
(B ) FSC curves between half data set reconstructions of the VP6 subunit when using an exposure-filtered sum of frames 4 130, an unfiltered sum of frames 4 130, and an unfiltered sum of frames 4 21, which were determined to be the best set of unfiltered frames by trial and error.
This higher B-factor is to be expected due to the inclusion of comparatively stronger lower resolution signal in the exposure-filtered sums when compared to the simple sum of frames 4 21.
The two reconstructions are nearly identical as judged by the FSC and are both of better quality than a reconstruction using the unfiltered sum of frames 4 130, suggesting that the exposure filter is weighting correctly (see Figure 3B).
In order to obtain the highest resolution reconstruction, subsets of frames were manually selected and a trial and error approach resulted in the determination that refinement using the sum of frames 4 21 and again the resolution range of 200 Å to 15 Å resulted in the highest resolution reconstruction as determined by the FSC between two half maps masked with a soft-shaped mask.
Figure 7C shows that the SNR of the exposure-filtered sums of all frames equals or exceeds that of the other frame sums at all resolutions.
Figure 7D shows the results of the processing of three data sets with added ice background, derived from exposure-filtered sums of 38 frames, as well as unfiltered sums of the first 9 and 14 frames (total exposures of 12.6 e−/Å, 19.6 e−/Å, respectively).
With aggregation streaming approach, multiview frames are formed, where one multiview frame is the sum of all frames with the same frame number from different views.
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