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To evaluate the frequency specificity of repeated laser stimulation on pain perception, laser stimuli were applied with frequency of 0.4 Hz, known to induce pain during temporal summation experiments, and with low frequency of 0.17 Hz that was shown not to induce pain during repeated thermal stimulation [13], [17].
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As already mentioned before, the summations over experiments and observables may hide some relevant information.
However, there was no difference in NRG1-stimulated PIP3 generation between the COMT -and control vector-transfected cells in two measures from three independent transfection experiments: summation of changes (P = 0.5782) and peak folds (p = 0.6134) (Figrure 5B).
The energy function is defined as (10) E = ∑ i ([ WUS i ] ∗ − D i ) 2, where [ WUS i]* is the normalized equilibrium WUS expression for experiment i, D i is the expected value from experiment, and the summation is over all mutant experiments.
In a way Music in 12 Parts is a summation of all the experiments with repetition, rhythm, harmony and form that had occupied Mr. Glass for nearly a decade, and at heart it is a treatise on additive process, the particular Minimalist engine that propelled Mr. Glass's music at the time.
(148) The summation of the stereochemical experiments are illustrated in the revised mechanism of sterol C24-reduction illustrated in Figure 16, which shows that the addition of hydrogen on the substrate 24(25 -double bond takes place in anti fashion from the re-face of C25 -double si-face of C25 and that the pro- S hydrogen is transferred from a nicotamide cofactor to the C25 cation intermediate.
In psychophysical experiments that examine summation over space, a value of about 4 has been observed to correspond well to probability summation [12].
According to the spatial summation curves in the neurophysiological experiments, when the visual stimuli cover the area of receptive field center, the neural responses reach the peak [48].
These experiments demonstrated significant spatial summation of heat-induced pain in both FM and NC subjects.
Experiment 3 assessed temporal summation with and without the flanks.
While in experiment 1B monocular motion directions opposed each other and prevented thereby an unambiguous binocular motion percept, experiment 1A used spatial summation in order to mask motion direction.
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