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We obtained a gene region-level summary of association using two methods.
We obtaineded a gene region-level summary of association by computing the minimum p-value ("minP test").
Briefly, as defined in the Methods section, the minP test provides a gene region-level summary of association by assessing statistical significance of the smallest p-trend within each gene region by permutation-based resampling methods and automatically adjusts for the number of tag SNPs tested within that gene region and the underlying linkage disequilibrium pattern.
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We obtained pathway and gene-level summary of associations by computing the adaptive combination of p-values.
We obtained pathway- and gene/region-based summary of associations using the adaptive combination of p-values [17], [18], which combines gene-level association evidence through adaptive rank truncated product method.
A summary of associations between IL-18 −607C/andnd −137G/C polymorphisms and allergic disease risk was shown in Table 2.
Studies usually present a summary of associations between risk factors and obstetric anal sphincter injuries adjusted for confounders without investigating effect modification, that is, exploring whether the effects are uniform across various levels of the studied risk factors.
While both reviews concluded that excessive indoor dampness was an important public health problem meriting prevention and remediation, neither review produced quantitative summaries of association between dampness or mold and specific health outcomes.
The Cox proportional hazards regression with invariant time was used to obtain estimates of relative risk (RR) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) as a summary measure of association between predictors and repetition of consultation for NSPS in children.
Summary estimates of association were obtained using random effects models.
The risk ratio was chosen as the summary measure of association.
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