Our definition of the fractional sum (1.2) originates from the discrete backward Cauchy formula ∑ k m = 1 n ⋯ ∑ k 2 = 1 k 3 ∑ k 1 = 1 k 2 y ( k 1 ) = ∑ k = 1 n ∏ j = 1 m − 1 ( n − k + j ) ( m − 1 ) ! y ( k ). for the m-fold sum (for more details see, e.g. [8]).
Namely, starting from general thermodynamic relations, the basic kinetic equation is shown to be identically transformed so as to be decomposable into a sum of contributions originating from a finite and unique set of reactions called response reactions (RERs).
It is well established that ERPs mostly reflect summed postsynaptic potentials originating from a large population of synchronously activated neurons [25].
MPs may want to inquire what proportion of this sum is income ultimately originating from the UK.
These aberrant VGLUT2-immunolabeling patterns in pilocarpine-treated animals suggested a marked reorganization of DG afferents originating from SuM neurons.
Given that phenotypic variation in such crosses may represent the sum of trait variations originating from both species, QTLs having effects on these adaptive traits would harbour higher PVE estimates accordingly to the average trait differences between the two species.
The difference between the experimentally determined total variance and the sum of the calculated variances originating from the width of the starting zone, longitudinal diffusion, Joule heating, sedimentation in the vertical section of the capillary, curvature of the capillary (i.e., the sum of all other variances) was in our most successful experiments about 28% of the variance of diffusion.
Our findings demonstrate a marked reorganization of DG afferents originating from the SuM in pilocarpine-treated rats.
Here, we define the topological importance of node i when effects "up to" n step are considered as: (8) T I i n = ∑ m = 1 n σ m, i n = ∑ m = 1 n ∑ j = 1 N a m, j i n, which is simply the sum of effects originated from node i up to n steps (one plus two plus three...up to n) averaged over by the maximum number of steps considered (i.e. n).
We therefore summed the molar concentrations of dimethyl metabolites (originating from compounds, e.g., dichlorvos, malathion, and parathion) and diethyl metabolites (from, e.g., chlorpyrifos and diazinon), as described elsewhere (Grandjean et al. 2006; Mage et al. 2008).
Specifically, we determined the sum of all measured ion pairs containing H3+ (i.e. H3+ + mX+) divided by the sum of all single ions and ion pairs originating from the parent dication (i.e. all dication products).
