Sentence examples for sum of consumers from inspiring English sources

This raises the question that how to calculate social benefits (i.e., the sum of consumers' benefits and producers' benefits) appropriately.

Social welfare is defined as the sum of consumers' surplus and firms' profits minus the production cost of the unhealthy attribute and the health costs.

Following this definition, the RFM-value, (V_{rfm}), can be obtained through: V_{rfm} = frac{{sum {bar{X}_{u} } }}{U} (2 where (mathop sum nolimits bar{X}_{u}) denotes the sum of average values in R, F, and M of a given consumer (u), and (U) is the sum of consumers that a company has in the records.

Though the show's dramatic pleasures are ultimately modest, its willingness to portray single womanhood as something beyond a sum of consumer choices or the embodiment of a disabling passivity feels useful and perhaps even necessary, the right kind of counterprogramming to balance the mood of the moment.

Den Herder et al. (2012) defined LVA as the sum of consumer prices and subsidies deducted by the production costs and added all forest-based materials substituting fossil fuels to LVA, given that Finland has no domestic fossil fuels reserves.

The arguments in favor of government spending stimulus, including the majority of those discussed in the media, come from the traditional Keynesian view that government spending increases aggregate demand the sum of consumer, business, government and net foreign expenditure and that increasing aggregate demand increases real output and income.

In advising policymakers their most important role, therefore, is to bring the aspect of efficiency into the political discussion.2 In an ideal (and rather rare) case, policymakers ask economic advisors how to design policies in order to maximise welfare, i.e. the sum of consumer and producer rents.

Total welfare is usually defined as the sum of consumer and provider surplus, i.e., potential external effects are not considered.

In the simplest case, total welfare in an economy is calculated as the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus [ 2].

If consumers were cooperative, then such a pricing scheme would result in a socially optimal load scheduling by the consumers, meaning that the sum utility of consumers is maximized.

Firstly, we consider the optimal policy designed by a utilitarian government maximizing the expected sum of the consumers' surplus and of the domestic firm's rent.