The call arrival time represents the cumulative sum of calls inter-arrival time, which follows a Poisson distribution with an average time.
In the first semester, the same difference exists, but it is much smaller and visible only if the sum of calls and messages is taken into account.
A more detailed picture of the association between urban population and flow distances was obtained by plotting together the demographic size and the sum of call-kilometers by urban area (Fig. 9).
In order to investigate the crowd displacements at a finer temporal scale, we focused on the raw mobile phones activity (sum of calls and sms) related to traffic from/to the Netherlands aggregated over 1-hour intervals.
For example, Nanavati et al. [19] keep their network as a directed network, in order to obtain information on the strongly connected component of the network, while Onnela et al. [14] rather focus on an undirected network, weighted by the sum of calls going in both directions.
The cumulative call time was the total call durations (hours) since first use, which was the sum of call durations with all phones.
In addition to this absolute measure of call usage, we divided the number of calls per type by the total sum of calls to obtain the relative proportion of a bird's call types for each recording period.
In parentage control, two to three samples are examined, for which the sum of the calling errors will - based on theory - lead to a higher total error with an increased likelihood of false exclusions.
Each member contributes a sum of money called a quota subscription.
Widows and widowers with children can claim up to £108.30 a week, and on top of this they get a one-off tax-free lump sum of £2,000, called a bereavement payment.
