Agarwal et al. [7] studied a class of FDEs with sum boundary conditions.
In this manuscript based on a fixed point theorem we provided the existence results for two fractional finite difference equations in the presence of the sum boundary conditions.
In this paper, we present a GPU-accelerated direct-sum boundary integral method to solve the linear Poisson Boltzmann (PB) equation.
By adjusting a Marxan parameter called the "boundary length modifier" (BLM), the level of spatial compactness of a solution can be controlled because it places more or less emphasis on reducing the summed boundary length of selected areas [98].
The second formulation comprises a sum of boundary and field integrals; due to the field integrals, it has noticeably higher computational cost, obtaining though higher accuracy.
By the fixed point theorem and the Hölder inequality, we study the existence of symmetric positive solutions for the above difference equation with sum form boundary conditions.
In this article, we study the existence and uniqueness results for a nonlocal fractional sum-difference boundary value problem for a Caputo fractional functional difference equation with delay, by using the Schauder fixed point theorem and the Banach contraction principle.
Since the problem is convex, the minimum of the objective function occurs at the sum power constraint boundary, that is, the constraint is active.
Scalar approaches consist in transforming the MOP into one or more single objective problems, and include among others the well known weighted sum approach, Normal Boundary Intersection (NBI) and ε-constraint methods [ 33].
The theory implies that the minimum selectable genome-wide deleterious mutation rate satisfies Δ U + + s p = 1/ N a (for an asexual population), or in other words, (12a) where the composite term (μ − ν + s p ) is the implied value of the sum at the boundary that satisfies Umin.
