When schools use an unfair process to discipline students, she suggested, even guilty parties can be vindicated later in lawsuits in court.
For example, they make him more inclined to counsel jurors in a way that suggests a guilty verdict, or to recommend harsher sentencing, when the defendant is African-American.
"I don't think there is any evidence to suggest she is guilty beyond reasonable doubt," said Capaloff.
Whelan told ITV: "Should they even suggest I'm guilty I would immediately resign from my position as chairman of Wigan Athletic.
Judge Thokozile Masipa did, however, appear to suggest Pistorius was guilty of manslaughter, known in South Africa as culpable homicide, by saying it was clear he had "acted unlawfully" in opening fire at his home on Valentine's Day last year.
It has generated controversy over the years from critics who suggest it is guilty of "trolling" (that is, being more interested in extracting payments from people who may have infringed the patents it holds than in employing those patents to develop useful products); the firm denies the charge.
"Should they even suggest I'm guilty I would immediately resign," he said.
Now, studies presented here yesterday at the American Chemical Society meeting in Anaheim, California, suggest that another guilty pleasure--chocolate--has its salubrious side.
However some observers suggest that, whether guilty of corruption or not, there may be a political edge to Jiang Jiemin's downfall, as vested interests in state-owned industries have long been seen as opposed to economic reform, our correspondent adds.
Mr Mansfield said: 'If this case were to start tomorrow, the Crown would not be able to enter the court, and it's extremely unlikely there could be a conviction.' The Crown, he said, was trying to suggest a verdict not of guilty or not guilty, but of 'not very guilty'.
