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Sugar estimates were determined by summing the intensities of peaks assigned to 5- and 6- carbon sugars from model compound experiments [ 18]. 5-carbon sugars were determined by summing peak intensities of m/z 57, 73, 85, 96, and 114, while 6-carbon sugars were estimated by summing peak intensities m/z 57, 60, 73, 98, 126, and 144.
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Traditionally, sugar supply estimates have been calculated based on the size of the domestic sugar crop minus sugar exports, as Australia has imported very little raw sugar until five years ago, when the value of imports rose dramatically.
According to the Mexican government, by last October Nafta should have let mills export all their excess sugar, an estimated 500,000 tons, to the United States.
The amount of reducing sugar was estimated using the dinitrosalicyclic acid method [22].
Total sugar was estimated by Dubois method using D-glicose as standard [ 21].
Hereafter, total sugar intake estimated using this dual isotope model is referred to as simply "sugar intake".
Fasting blood sugar was estimated using glucose kit from Human (Germany) according to the instructions of the supplier.
The mean fasting blood sugar was estimated using the blood glucose monitoring device after overnight fasting by patients.
The concentration of reducing sugar was estimated as either xylose or glucose equivalents by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method according to Miller [ 25].
Added sugar was estimated by including all sugars used in any type of processed or prepared food (recipes), sugar naturally present in food was excluded from the analysis [ 8].
Total soluble sugars were estimated using anthrone reagent (Yemm and Willis 1954).
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