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However, as natural service is predominant in the beef suckler systems [ 37] the practical significance of this finding remains important.
Therefore, the production model developed is believed to reflect the industry gross margin for the different beef suckler systems.
Available benchmarking data and expert opinion were used to identify the most common and representative beef suckler systems in the UK and France.
The objectives of this study were to develop models that simulate the production of different beef suckler systems in the United Kingdom (UK) and France and to use these models to estimate, through partial budget analyses, the farm-level economic cost of SBV under two disease impact scenarios, namely high and low impact.
Finally, extensive beef suckler systems where beef cattle are reared more slowly on grass result in animals reaching slaughter weight at around 24 months; they result in the step in the number of beef cattle dying at around 700 days old.
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For this research, the most typical beef suckler production systems in the UK and France were identified.
The purpose of this work was to estimate the economic impact of SBV at farm-level for the most common beef suckler production systems of the UK and France.
The present study used partial budget and gross margin analyses in combination with production models to estimate the economic impact of SBV in different beef suckler livestock system.
Within seasonal, grassland-based suckler beef production systems in Ireland, calves are generally spring-born and reared with their dam at pasture for approximately 8 months until the end of the grazing season in autumn when they are weaned.
Within seasonal grassland-based, spring-calving suckler beef production systems calves are generally allowed continuous and unlimited nursing of the dam for approximately 6 to 8 months until weaning at the end of the grazing season.
The best system was: suckler beef calves kept with cows in a herd at pasture.
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