Subsurface currents also move vast amounts of water, but they are not known in such detail.
Patterns of sediment deposition in lakes depend on the rates of supply in inflowing waters and on subsurface currents and topography.
Tedious and frequently inaccurate, this method yielded the depth at only a single point rather than a continuous measurement; inaccuracies arose because the rope did not necessarily travel straight to the bottom but instead might be deflected by subsurface currents or movements of the vessel.
Normally, the ground magnetic field variations seen in the Z-component are contaminated by the induced subsurface currents.
Decoded data can be imaged to recover the model of a subsurface using current seismic imaging technology.
A second maximum (3 ml.l-1) is associated with the southern subsurface counter current near 4° south – 5° south.
Changes in surface and subsurface zonal currents during the 1997/98 El Niño event are captured well, and their transports are reasonably consistent with in situ observations.
Even as phytoplankton blooms sequester new carbon, the upwelling of deep, subsurface water currents in the region bring old, once-sequestered carbon back to the surface waters, allowing for exchange with the atmosphere.
In the intertropical Atlantic there is a system of three subsurface counter-currents (Hisard et al., 1976) flowing toward the east.
The dynamics of the upper layer of the oceans is intimately tied to the lower layers of the atmosphere; the wind notably plays a driving role in the genesis and evolution of superficial and subsurface oceanic currents.
