Sentence examples for substrates with small from inspiring English sources

CES1 was demonstrated to mainly hydrolyze substrates with small alcohol groups and large acyl groups, CES2 was shown to hydrolyze substrates with a large alcohol group and small acyl group (Hosokawa, 2008).

Copper films with a thickness of approximately 5 μm showing a good uniformity could be deposited only onto substrates with small diameters in relation to the cathode inner wall diameter, i.e. φs≤0.2 φw.

In addition, UCH-L3 displays Ub hydrolase activity towards the CEP52/UBA52 Ub-ribosome precursor and Ub linearly fused to small peptides [ 25, 26], thus it has been assumed that UCH-L1 and UCH-L3 only cleave Ub from substrates with small unstructured leaving groups [ 17, 21].

Cells cultured on substrates with smaller pitches exhibited a substantially higher frequency of cell alignment and smaller circularity index.

To date, fabricating three-dimensional (3D) nanostructured substrate with small nanogap was a laborious challenge by conventional fabrication techniques.

The first one is the classical Stranski-Krastanow (S-K) growth, [5, 6] in which a semiconductor material with larger lattice parameters is first deposited on the substrate with smaller lattice parameters layer-by-layer, forming a wetting layer, followed by island formation to partially release the strain energy caused by the lattice mismatch between the epilayer and the substrate.

For the particular case of tumor cells and the delivery of an anti-tumor drug, substrates with a small fractal dimension and large pore size hamper cell growth.

(B ) The binding of the MRE β-loop serves as an additional checkpoint for substrates with a small periplasmic region and contributes to selective substrate cleavage.

Theoretical docking of substrates in anti-Prelog orientations in a catalytically feasible manner (as judged by formation of H-bonds with Tyr and Ser) was only possible for substrates with relatively small (methyl) side chains and led to complexes with much less favorable system energies (approximately 21 33 kJ/mol difference to the respective Prelog complexes).

The ability of these MAL mutants to catalyze the amination of substrates with a small (e.g., F) or more bulky (e.g., CF3 and CH3) substituent at the ortho, meta, or para position of the aromatic ring (i.e., 2 b– j) was tested by using H NMR spectroscopy (Table  2).

Nanostructured substrates (i.e. substrates with irregularities smaller than 100 nm), are generally considered to be beneficial for cell adhesion and growth, while microstructured substrates behave more controversially (e.g. they can hamper cell spreading and proliferation but they enhance cell differentiation, particularly in osteogenic cells).