Microfabricated substrates locally restrict TCR clusters translocation (Fig. 4A inset) and show no direct perturbations to unligated molecules, as the height of chromium stripes on glass substrates is designed to match the thickness of the lipid bilayer (about 5 nm).
Additionally, the gap between the metal tip and the metal substrate, was tuned to match the nanocavity plasmons with the energy of the Raman scattered photons.
How well this can be done for xenobiotic transporters depends on a knowledge of the genes expressed in the tissue, the cellular locations of the gene products (do they function for uptake or efflux?), and our ability to match substrates with transporters using information obtained from cloned transporters functioning in heterologous expression systems.
Fibroblasts cultured on substrates of variable stiffness, mimicking soft tissue environments, automatically increase their own rigidity to match substrate stiffnesses ranging from 500 to 40,000 Pa [ 472].
Using a physiologically relevant ECM mimic composed of hyaluronan and fibronectin, we found that adult human dermal fibroblasts modify their mechanical response in order to match substrate stiffness.
This may reflect down-regulation of the photosynthetic apparatus to match substrate (e.g. ATP) availability [ 2, 60, 61].
The elastomeric substrate can be chosen to match device-specific requirements, 3M VHB tapes enable large strains exceeding 200%.
Potentially, enzyme products or makeup enzyme products for biomass hydrolysis processes that includes recycling of solid substrate could be designed to match the specific enzyme activities that are being lost during recycling scheme.
The substrate spin rate is tuned to match the deposition rate to yield a spiral-like helix structure.
We observed that, even at much lower energy, a small cluster with (Ih) icosahedral symmetry was reconstructed to match the substrate structure (f.c.c).
