Sentence examples for substrates to date from inspiring English sources

Given that there are over 30 substratestoates to date [10], it is remarkable that SirT1-null mice are viable and can sometimes reach 2 years of age.

So, despite the intriguing observation that OsBgal13 can hydrolyze both β-D-galactosyl residues and α-L-arabinosyl residues, components of type I and II arabinogalactans and xyloglucan and glucuronoarabinoxylan side chains [ 52], only short galacto-oligosaccharides can be identified as possible natural substrates to date.

CRL1Skp2 specifically recognizes phosphorylated p27Kip1, which is its best-characterized substrate to date.

Simultaneous detection of multiple hyperpolarized molecules allow several metabolic pathways to be probed at the same time [ 93, 94], and this enhanced C signal allows the distribution of hyperpolarized C-labeled molecules within the tumor tissue to be visualized [ 95]. [1-C]Pyruvate has been the most widely studied substrate to date because of its central role in cellular metabolism.

Casein kinase-2 (CK2) probably is the most pleiotropic member of the protein kinase family, with more than 200 substrates known to date.

As an alternative, signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) of parahydrogen on transition metal catalysts can hyperpolarize a variety of substrates, but to date this scheme has required transfer of the sample to low magnetic field or very strong RF irradiation.

Calpains are present in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus, however the vast majority of calpain substrates studied to date are cytosolic.

However, in sharp contrast to the mechanistic diversity in the upstream steps of ERAD, the downstream events appear highly unified as almost all ERAD substrates tested to date use the p97 ATPase for membrane extraction and the proteasome for degradation [22], [23].

All SPP substrates identified to date are signal peptides [ 10, 11].

ABBA PTases attach isoprene moieties to aromatic substrates and, to date, all characterized ABBA PTases are involved in the biosynthesis of HI secondary metabolites [ 20].

A list of the CPH substrates made to date is shown in Table  1, and the enzymes used to test them are detailed in Table  2.