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Scanning electron micrographs reveal that the films on Cu are marginally dense whereas on the other three substrates there is evidence for microporosity, clustering and three dimensional cracks.
On the contrary, on the C-face of the same SiC substrates, there is no need of a C-rich buffer layer at the interface before growing the first graphene layer [9 12].
An analytical solution to this problem based on a general, finite strain, 2D continuum modeling for both the MRE layer and the substrate shows that for adequately soft substrates there is a finite-wavelength buckling mode under a transverse magnetic field.
Although there are structural and technological means for further reduction of the lattice-mismatch stresses (e.g., by high-temperature annealing or by providing one or more buffering layers, or by using patterned or porous substrates) there is still a strong incentive to eliminate completely the lattice-mismatch stresses.
However, because of the structural complexity of DPC lesions and the difficulty of generating site-specific, chemically defined DPC substrates, there is very limited information and no consensus on how cells respond to this class of DNA lesions.
While these may be pharmacologic substrates, there is limited evidence that they are in fact physiologic substrates, where DPP-4 activity leads to biologically significant alterations in the endogenous levels of these substances (other than perhaps PYY).
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In all the substrates there were at least ten amino acids between the phosphorylatable tyrosine substrate and the proline rich motif, which was adequate for SH3 domain docking and phosphorylation by Hck and v-Src in a previous study [37].
Lifestyle by itself was not significant (P = 0.5346), but substrate (P < 0.0001) and the lifestyle*substrate interaction (P < 0.0001) were highly significant, indicating that on at least one substrate there was a significant difference between activities of pathogens and non-pathogens.
On the (110) substrates, there were two SiNSs that had different tilt angles with the substrate.
On these substrates, there are open faults in the wiring, which are electrical disconnections.
Besides the known substrates, there were also several novel enriched protein candidates, one of which was a metalloenzyme α-enolase (ENO-1).
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