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This type of applications on plastic substrates requires a reduction of amount and type of components in order to reduce costs through simplification of assembly processes as well as enhancement of the reliability.
The covalent attachment of ubiquitin to protein substrates requires a step-wise cascade of enzymatic reactions.
For members of a protein superfamily to be able to catalyse the same chemical reaction but target different substrates requires a common catalytic domain, but also structural diversity within the domain.
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Controllable growth of carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays on carbon substrates requires an oxide buffer layer material such as Al2O3 and SiO2.
However, the use of esters as substrates requires an additional hydrolysis step in the downstream synthesis of the γ-aminocarboxylic acid pharmacophores.
For fabrication of future flexible electronic devices on inexpensive and flexible organic substrates requiring a metallization process, the adhesion of metals to polymer substrate is a very critical issue in realizing required flexibility of metallization lines on the flexible substrates.
We found that electron-poor substrates required a lower catalyst loading as well as shorter reaction times to achieve optimal yields.
The main difference between the targeting of proteins to the proteasome and to bacterial ATP-dependent proteases is that most proteasome substrates require both a ubiquitin modification and a separate disordered region, while most bacterial substrates require a single disordered region that serves as both the binding tag and the initiation region.
When the product has a ssDNA overhang, increasing the Pif1 concentration increases the level of annealing, likely because of the increased number of binding sites on the substrates requiring a higher Pif1 DNA ratio to result in sufficient Pif1 binding in or near the complementary regions of the substrates.
Furthermore, changing the substrate requires a labor-intensive effort to reclassify most atomistic neighborhoods.
However, the growth on a one carbon substrate requires a complex metabolic machinery that has not been detected in Alteromonas yet.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com