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The CVD-typical conformal growth enables furthermore smooth film surfaces and easy scale-up of the process to larger dimension substrates, making it interesting for industrial applications19,23.
They disintegrate the complex structure of lignocellulosic substrates, making them more accessible and suitable for further microbial degradation.
The lipase B from Candida antarctica (CAL-B) displays high enantioselectivity on a broad range of substrates, making it an accepted biocatalyst for asymmetric organic chemistry.
In addition, the enzymes exhibit extremely promiscuous substrate specificities, and accept a variety of nonphysiological substrates, making the type III PKSs an excellent platform for the further production of unnatural, novel polyketide scaffolds with promising biological activities.
To protect the surface of materials from the effects of graffiti paints, there are anti-graffiti products that prevent the penetration of these paints into the pore system of the substrates, making the substrates water- and oil-repellent, thus facilitating their removal.
However, although effective for TIC vapor suppression, these ammonium PIL/IL coatings only sorbed less than 50% of the applied liquid o-DCB from the same test substrates, making them slightly less effective for this latter application than previously reported imidazolium-based curable PIL/IL coatings.
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We created engineered substrates made of polyurethane acrylate with nanogrooves using ultraviolet-assisted capillary force lithography.
Substrates made of graded materials are often encountered in nature or are artificially produced.
These substrates make up a significant proportion of the photoautotrophic biomass (Fernandez-Reiriz et al., 1989) that provides fixed carbon for the marine microbial food web.
A new method for creating substrates made out of ordered collagen fibers, on which cells in culture can align, is proposed.
Silver conductive paint is used to form the sensors realized on flexible substrates made of cellulose acetate and latex rubber.
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