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The cracking effect on these substrates is due to the gold sputter coating.
We suppose that the additional SERS enhancement in the GNR-OPC substrates is due to several factors.
The strong adhesion to the substrates is due to a layered assembly formation and gradient composition of the coating caused by an interdiffusion of metal cations and oxygen in the metal/oxide interface during heat treatment.
Although it is agreed that ErbB1 antagonists promote axonal growth in the presence of otherwise inhibitory molecules (Koprivica et al., 2005), two recent papers have suggested that the effect of the anti-ErbB1 agents PD168393 and AG1478 in rescuing neurite outgrowth on inhibitory substrates is due to their acting off-target rather than directly on ErbB1 (Ahmed et al., 2009; Douglas et al., 2009).
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It was suggested that changes in the uptake amount of Mitoxantrone in the presence of various substrates are due to their influence toward BCRP efflux polymorphs.
We have done extensive studies to rule out the possibility that the action on the substrates was due to a cytosolic contamination or a mitochondrial leak.
The oxygen atomic percentage and Hf atomic percentage in the c-Si substrates are due to the Ar ion sputtering effect.
Hierarchical wrinkled structures of films on these substrates are due to high intrinsic compressive stress, which evolves during high energetic film growth.
In order to preclude the possibility that the aberrant enzyme activity noted with different substrates was due to peculiarities attached to one particular batch of enzyme (such as co-contaminants etc), some of the experiments were repeated using BAL 31 nuclease from a different manufacturer (USB Corporation, Cleveland, OH, USA).
However, subsequent studies showed that the proteolysis of the reported CPAF substrates was due to enzymatic activity in cell lysates rather than in intact cells [ 28, 29].
The valuef of this substrate is due to its stabilizing effect on the whole fermentation process as a result of the bacteria the animal excrement contains.
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