Sentence examples for substrates is approximately from inspiring English sources

The open porosity of the NiO-GDC substrates is approximately 23%, and the porosity including closed pores of the GDC electrolyte films is less than 2.6%.

Because the average spacing between microgels on silicon substrates is approximately the same micrometer size of the bacterium itself, the bacterium experiences surface repulsiveness.

Despite differences in the height of the nanorods between the respective substrates, the stiffness of the individual nanorods composing the substrates is approximately equivalent since the aspect ratios of the BMG-200 and BMG-55 substrates were designed to be constant.

The dielectric constant of as-deposited STO films on the Pt-multilayer substrates was approximately 70, and it increased drastically to a value of approximately 260, which was comparable with the bulk value, by the millimeter-wave annealing at 573 K.

C2C12 myoblasts (ATCC, Monassas, VA) were seeded on Hep-MA/PANI gels (1 mL of 10 cells/mL suspension) and grown in culture medium for 3 weeks until the substrates were approximately 80% confluent.

However, the K m values for pelagonidin and cyanidin as substrates were approximately 5-fold lower than for delphinidin, making the overall kinetic efficiency of PsANR for delphinidin 2 7 fold lower than for pelagonidin and cyanidin.

In addition, the double-layer coated ZnS substrate is approximately four times as hard as uncoated ZnS substrate.

The average coating strength parallel to the substrate is approximately 1.5 times greater than the bond strength perpendicular to substrate.

The adhesion strength measurement results show that the adhesion strength of titanium oxide films on LTI-carbon substrate is approximately 0.314 0.47 GPa.

The surface roughness of 200-nm-thick W layer on SiO2/Si substrate is approximately 2.8 nm.

The interfacial layer between high-k thin film and silicon substrate is approximately 1-nm native SiO2.