This synthetic substrate, in conjunction with defined soluble factors, constructs a well-controlled and xeno-free early mesodermal differentiation niche that offers advantages over the previously reported niche constructed with the Matrigel-coated substrate.
In agreement with the results from a finite element model, the formation of the residual stresses can be interpreted by the plastic deformation of the Cr sublayers and the steel substrate in conjunction with a linear elastic response of CrN.
We describe here a versatile system for reconstituting protease activation networks in yeast and assaying the activity of these pathways using a cleavable transcription factor substrate in conjunction with reporter gene read-outs.
A structural counterpart, found in mammalian microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP), uses molecular oxygen plus NADPH for the oxidative metabolism (predominantly hydroxylation) of substrate in conjunction with a redox partner enzyme, cytochrome P450 reductase.
C-MRS assays of substrate metabolism in conjunction with metabolic modelling have the unique advantage that incorporation of individual carbon atoms of various substrates into metabolites of interest can be evaluated in living brain.
In the device, low intensity (<1 W/cm2) incoherent light interacts with a photosensitive substrate and, in conjunction with an externally applied electrical bias, creates localized DEP traps in the illuminated areas (Figs. 1a and 1b).
Irrespective of this or other effects of G202 mutations, it is clear that the region plays a critical role in substrate translocation in conjunction with the hydrophobic face of TMD9.
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes such as UBC-25 transfer ubiquitin to a target protein substrate, usually in conjunction with an E3 ubiquitin ligase, to regulate protein activity, localization, interaction and stability (Kipreos 2005).
Structurally the cytoplasmic domain of SctU is well characterized across species [ 50] and it is proposed to be mainly involved in export substrate selection in conjunction with SctP/FliK, a supposed molecular ruler for which structural information is only just becoming available [ 51].
