Sentence examples for substrates has to from inspiring English sources

Due to the weak activities, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from semiconductor-based substrates has to be greatly improved for practical applications.

Heat transfer of the reaction into the substrates has to be carefully considered it is necessary to have a sufficient amount of heat transferred into the solder layer to enable melting, while at the same time provide enough energy to keep the reaction self-sustaining.

The order of binding can either be random (in a random mechanism) or substrates have to bind in a particular sequence (in an ordered mechanism).

This would mean that the P. furiosus enzyme is intracellular and the substrates have to be imported into the cell.

It is well recognized that lignocellulosic substrates have to be subjected to a hydrothermal or thermochemical pretreatment prior to the enzymatic hydrolysis.

A ternary complex mechanism differs from a ping-pong mechanism in that both substrates have to bind before products are generated or released.

On the other hand, live-cell labeling with chemical tags is also challenging because the fluorescently labeled substrates have to exhibit high membrane permeability and negligible non-specific binding in living cells.

As a general condition, the substrate has to show a reduction potential less than that of the metal.

Optimization of molecular geometry as well as relaxation of interlayer distances within the substrate has to be performed.

In order to increase Jc of the film, the perfect coverage on of the BaZrO3 on the substrate has to be attained.

Therefore, the production of Si-nc by implantation of excess Si ions in the SiO2 substrate has to be performed at lower energy.