Sentence examples for substrates for gene from inspiring English sources

High stability and accessibility of DNA circles by cellular proteins have led us to suggest that stable circular DNA intermediates can be engineered to act as putative substrates for gene insertion by nonviral gene-inserting proteins.

New insights generated using this approach range from the definition of new consensus binding motifs (Schmidt et al, 2012) and combinatorial TF interactions (Wilson et al, 2010) to previously unrecognised roles for repeat elements as substrates for gene regulatory evolution (Bourque et al, 2008).

Chemical modification by formalin and degradation during storage make RNA extracted from paraffin a poor substrate for gene expression profiling [ 7].

Since chromatin, rather than naked DNA, is the substrate for gene expression in the cell nucleus, the ability of viruses to direct chromatin modifications is a prerequisite for reprogramming the host cell transcription machinery for virus particle production [ 13].

We demonstrate that circular DNA generated during transduction with HIV-1-based lentiviral vectors can be utilized as substrate for gene insertion directed by nonviral recombinases co-expressed in the target cells.

We test this hypothesis here by using a model system based on the actions of the site-directed Flp recombinase and demonstrate for the first time that LV-derived DNA circles can serve as a substrate for gene insertion facilitated by exogenous nonviral recombinases.

Our findings provide, to our knowledge, the first proof-of-principle that integration of lentiviral DNA can be facilitated by a nonviral recombinase, thereby altering the integration profile of LV vectors – in this case towards a site-directed profile using DNA circles as a substrate for gene insertion.

Here we review the role that RNA can play towards this goal and make a case for why this versatile, designable, and increasingly characterizable molecule is one of the most powerful substrates for engineering gene expression at our disposal.

We believe that the combination of being a versatile, designable, and now broadly characterizable regulator of gene expression places RNA in a unique and central position as a master substrate for engineering gene expression.

Many gene families have been worked up with great detail and large efforts in the past, providing a rich substrate for comparative gene family classification to work with.

In summary, we present a systematic identification of endogenous substrates for the MARCH gene family.