Together with our study on wild-caught starlings [38], it points to NCM as a potential neural substrate for functional representation of learned communication signals whose development is crucially dependent on interactions with adult models.
Most current concepts of recovery focus on surviving corticospinal fibres as the substrate for functional restoration.
Recently there is also increasing interest in the role of small vessel disease as a substrate for functional decline.
One intriguing possibility is that morphological changes like loss of gray matter provide one basis or substrate for functional changes in neuronal network architecture and communication.
The study shows the high frequency of functional disability in non-demented individuals aged 65 years and older in England and Wales, and highlights the possible role of neuronal loss in subcortical regions as a potential substrate for functional decline.
A limitation of our study is that we performed only technical validation, but not biological validation, because we did not have the appropriate substrate for functional assays; future studies assessing target gene expression are desirable.
Strontium titanate (STO) is a preferred substrate material for functional oxide growth, whose surface properties can be adjusted through the presence of Ruddlesden Popper (RP) phases.
They are potentially useful for developing reversible mechanical metamaterials/devices or substrates of functional optoelectronic devices.
Since there was no change (t-test, P>0.05) in resting activity during the course of the recording sessions (Figure 3; grey left histogram pair), we concluded that the post-error activity enhancement was specific to the WS influence, thereby providing the substrate for a functional link between error detection and a subsequent attentional process.
Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been used in the present work to produce thick ceramic films from nanosized powders on different substrates for structural and functional applications.
