Salem et al.[15] were able to increase the rate of anodic groove formation caused by etching at the contact of a Pt wire with a Si substrate by adding 1 mM I2 to the etchant.
Conversion efficiency of InGaP/InGaAs/Ge has been improved up to 31 32% (AM1.5) as a result of technologies development such as double hetero-wide band-gap tunnel junction, InGaP Ge hetero-face structure bottom cell, and precise lattice-matching of InGaAs middle cell to Ge substrate by adding indium into the conventional GaAs layer.
CRITICAL STEP Make sure pluripotent cells are between 40-60% confluent in all experiments because cell density affects the final results. 1. Label the cells with EdU substrate by adding 10 ul of 10 mM EdU solution to 10 mls of culture medium in 10 cm plate of cells (a 1 1000 dilution) to make a 10 uM final working concentration and incubate for 45 minutes at 37°C 5% CO2.
This was achieved under all aforementioned substrate conditions by adding an exporter for the cofactor, tetrahydrosarcinapterin.
MMP-9 was analysed in SDS-substrate gels by adding gelatin (0.1 mg ml−1 final concentration) to the 10% acrylamide separating gel.
We have expanded our discussion of known WaaL substrate specificity by adding the following sentence: "In E. coli the multitude of different O-antigens initiate with GlcNAc, ECA also initiates with GlcNAc.
To determine whether the covalent attachment of a fluorescent dye to Δgpαf would interfere with retrotranslocation, we incorporated BODIPY FL (BOF) dyes into the prepro substrate, pΔgpαf, by adding Nɛ- 4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza- s-iNɛ- 4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diazays; Woolhead et al., 2004) to aNɛ- 4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza
Aliquots (10 μl to100 μl) of the ultrafiltrate were added immediately to the reaction mixture containing enzyme (0.95-ml final volume), incubated at 25°C for 20 min, and then the initial velocities toward substrates were measured by adding 50 μl of a 0.1 M substrate.
In the case where a reaction R was explicitly controlled, the effect of increasing speed of the reaction on the steady-states of substrates was modeled by adding a negative influence from the node v(R) to the node quantity(M) of the substrates.
