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Further characterisation of human topoIIα and topoIIβ, perhaps by investigating the effect of SUMOylation on either isoform, or the cellular localisation of these tail swap proteins, will be needed to elucidate their different interactions with DNA substrates and functional roles in cells.
Possibly the substrates and functional roles of DNA-PKcs in cellular regulation are more permissive than DSB repair.
A distinguishing feature of enzymes relative to small-molecule catalysts is the use of noncovalent interactions to position substrates and functional groups relative to one another, and many X-ray structures of enzymes reveal apparent networks of interactions.
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Three approaches or a combination of approaches can be used to determine the myocardial substrate underlying the chronic dysfunction Open image in new window Fig. 12 Relation between myocardial substrate and functional response during low-dose and high-dose dobutamine stress in an animal model with chronic myocardial ischaemia.
This study provides a map of the human brain segregation and integration (i.e., neural substrate and functional connectivity respectively) of the uncertainty associated to an economic decision making paradigm.
Furthermore, the PTPs display exquisite substrate, and functional, specificity in vivo.
Substrate and functional diversity are characteristic features of P450 enzymes and are considered to be the consequence of evolutionary adaptation driven by different metabolic or environmental demands in different organisms.
The emerging trends in the development of alternative adsorbents with different substrates, morphologies, and functional groups are also elucidated.
The silica-based nanocomposite coatings can be fabricated on glass substrates and other functional engineering material surfaces, such as copper, iron, aluminum alloy, to form self-cleaning coatings.
(8) However, confirmation of some of these substrates and their functional outcomes remains controversial.
In future years, the full repertoire of yeast Mia40 (and mammalian MIA40) substrates and its functional capabilities will be characterized; yeast substrates that have been characterized to date are listed in Table 1.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com