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Pichia pastoris (GS115) growth was enhanced by 20% using a completely substituted medium.
Completely substituted medium resulted in 43% of increase in the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Controls received serum substituted medium only or serum substituted medium containing 0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.02% (v/v) methanol.
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For example, low-wage subsidies might create the incentive for firms to substitute medium-ability workers with low ability workers.
Even in control experiments (con) where PMA was substituted by medium the p21 Waf1/Cip1 expression level increased 2.4 - 2.7-fold.
Myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells at ∼80% cell confluence was obtained by substituting the medium with fresh medium supplemented with 2% horse serum (EuroClone, Milan, Italy) to induce expression of mutant SOD1 under the myosin heavy chain promoter.
After 12 hours incubation, the hypoxia medium was substituted by normal medium with or without DG and the cells were incubated for another 4 hours before performing various assays.
For serum proliferation studies, two days after seeding, the medium was substituted by a medium containing RPMI1640 (Biosera, Ringmer, UK), BSA 0.1%, glucose 5 mmol/l and sodium tungstate at 100 μmol/l (Carlo Erba) or 10% of the serum from the animals.
Co-cultures containing 105 or 2×105 cells were established in wells of 24-well plates by mixing myoblastsFLPe with myoblastsGS.Luc in the specified ratios After an incubation period of 48 to 72 hours the growth medium was either substituted by differentiation medium or by fresh growth medium.
Growth medium was then substituted with fresh medium containing the drugs to be tested.
The complete medium was then substituted for FBS-free medium for a 24-hour period.
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